9°07′04″N 79°43′13″W / 9.11778°N 79.72028°W
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Panama Canal Zone
Zona del Canal de Panamá
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| 1903–1979 | |||||||||
Bendera
Lambang
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Semboyan
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Tanah Terbagi, Dunia Bersatu
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| Status | Teritorial tak terinkorporasi Amerika Serikat | ||||||||
| Ibu kota | |||||||||
| Bahasa yang umum digunakan | Spanyol , Inggris | ||||||||
| Demonim | |||||||||
| Sejarah | |||||||||
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• Didirikan
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1903 | ||||||||
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• Dibubarkan
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1979 | ||||||||
| Mata uang |
Dollar Amerika Serikat
Balboa Panama (ditoleransikan) |
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| Sekarang bagian dari | Panama | ||||||||
Zona Terusan Panama ( bahasa Spanyol : Zona del Canal de Panamá ) adalah sebuah teritorial tak terinkorporasi di Amerika Serikat dari 1903 sampai 1979, yang berpusat di Terusan Panama dan berbatasan dengan Republik Panama . [ 1 ] Zona tersebut terdiri dari terusan tersebut dan wilayahnya umumnya sepanjang 5 mil (8.0 km) di setiap sisi dari pusat jalur, kecuali Kota Panama dan Colón , sementara wilayah-wilayah lainnya sebagian berada pada batas-batas Zona tersebut. Perbatasannya bersebelahan dengan dua .
Zona Terusan tersebut ditiadakan pada 1 Oktober 1979, atas kesepakatan pada 1977; terusan itu sendiri berada di bawah kendali AS-Panama dari 1979 sampai terusan tersebut sepenuhnya jatuh ke tangan Panama pada 31 Desember 1999. [ 2 ]
Referensi
- ^ Liptak, Adam. "A Hint of New Life to a McCain Birth Issue" , New York Times (11 Juli 2008).
- ^ "Panamanian Control" , Panama Canal , infoplease.com , diakses tanggal 2008-06-02
Bacaan tambahan dan ulasan
- "More American than America" . Time . January 24, 1964. ((Perlu berlangganan ( help )) .
- "PANAMA: No More Tomorrows" . Time . October 15, 1979. ((Perlu berlangganan ( help )) .
- Greene, Julie (2009). The Canal Builders: Making America's Empire at the Panama Canal . New York: The Penguin Press. ISBN 978-1-59420-201-8 .
- Harding, Robert C. (2001). Military Foundations of Panamanian Politics. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7658-0075-6 .
- Harding, Robert C. (2006). The History of Panama. Greenwood Publishing. ISBN 978-0-313-33322-4 .
- Governments of the United States of America and the Republic of Panama. "Panama Canal Treaty" . Diakses tanggal January 17, 2014 .
- Knapp, Herbert and Knapp, Mary (1984). Red, White and Blue Paradise: The American Canal Zone in Panama . San Diego: Harcourt, Brace, and Jovanovich. ISBN 0-15-176135-3 .
- Major, John (1993). Prize Possession: The United States and the Panama Canal, 1903–1979 . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-52126-0 .
- Maurer, Noel; Yu, Carlos (2011). The Big Ditch: How America Took, Built, Ran, and Ultimately Gave Away the Panama Canal . Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-14738-3 . LCCN 2010029058 . Diakses tanggal January 17, 2014 .
- (1977). . New York: Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-24409-5 .
- Mellander, Gustavo A. (1971) The United States in Panamanian Politics:The Intriguing Formative Years. Danville, Ill.: Interstate Publishers, OCLC 138568
- Mellander, Gustavo A.; Nelly Maldonado Mellander (1999). Charles Edward Magoon: The Panama Years. Río Piedras, Puerto Rico: Editorial Plaza Mayor. ISBN 1-56328-155-4 . OCLC 42970390.
- NARA. "185.6 RECORDS OF THE SECOND ISTHMIAN CANAL COMMISSION 1904-16—History" . National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) . Diakses tanggal January 18, 2014 .
- NARA. "185.8 RECORDS OF THE CANAL ZONE GOVERNMENT AND THE PANAMA CANAL COMPANY 1904-84—History" . National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) . Diakses tanggal January 18, 2014 .
- "Canal Company to go on Break Even Basis" . The Panama Canal Review . February 1, 1952 . Diakses tanggal January 17, 2014 .
- (1977). Canal Zone (motion picture). Zipporah Films.
- Woodrow Wilson (January 27, 1914). "Executive Order 1885 - To Establish a Permanent Organization for the Operation and Government of the Panama Canal" . President of the United States. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-06-01 . Diakses tanggal January 18, 2014 .
Pranala luar
- Official Handbook of the Panama Canal—1915
- Governor Parfitt's Address at Flag-lowering Ceremonies September 30, 1979
- Maps of the Canal Zone
- Live Panama Canal webcams
- Air Defense of the Panama Canal 1958–1970
- Panama & the Canal Digital Collection
- Panama Canal Centennial Online Exhibit
- Medicine in the Panama Canal Zone: The Samuel Taylor Darling Memorial Library Archives [ pranala nonaktif permanen ]
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